Determine the week of pregnancy by the last menstruation. How to calculate the gestational age by the first movement of the fetus? Determining the date of birth: What are the ways to determine the approximate date of birth

The calculation of the estimated due date (ED) can be done in several ways, and each of them will be only indicative. Each gynecologist has a "favorite" method on which he relies. But the deviation of the date of birth from the calculated one is a variant of the norm.

The proposed method - on the first day of the last menstruation. Suitable for women with a regular cycle of 28 days.

How to use the calculator

Just enter in the field the date of the first day of the last menstruation - and press the button "Find the date of birth".

How else can you find out the gestational age and date of birth

1. In the first trimester, you can find out the gestational age with high accuracy right at the gynecologist's appointment. He will determine the period without any tests, simply by the size of the uterus. In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, this will no longer work.

To make calculations in this way, you need to add 280 days to the date of ovulation.

You can use the date of sexual intercourse as the initial data (keep in mind that the fertilization of the egg can occur on the 2nd, or even on the 3rd day after it.

3. Hardware calculation of gestational age and date of birth using ultrasound. By this method, the period can be determined with an accuracy of 1-3 days.

With the help of ultrasound, a specialist can observe the condition of the fetus, placenta, the position of the baby's head in relation to the entrance to the small pelvis, the size of the opening of the cervix and other important parameters. That is why this method is highly accurate.

As soon as 2 long-awaited stripes appear on the test, and the state of joyful shock passes, the expectant mother begins to calculate the time by which the little one should be born. Of course, knowing exactly the day of conception, it is not difficult to determine the approximate day of birth, but if there is no such data, it remains to rely on the existing traditional "calculators". It is clear that the gestational age is almost impossible to calculate to days and hours (too many factors affect pregnancy), but there are still methods for calculating the most accurate period.

Calculation of the obstetric gestational age by the date of the last menstruation

At a time when there were no high-tech diagnostic methods, doctors used the method of determining the gestational age by “critical days” for such calculations. What is called "obstetric period" in medicine. The method is successfully used today, and involves the calculation of the period (which is 40 weeks) from the 1st day of the last menstruation.

The obstetricians determine the date of birth in the following ways:

• Date of the 1st day of the last menstruation + 9 months + 7 days.
• Date of the 1st day of the last menstruation + 280 days.

On a note:

This time frame is approximate. And only one out of 20 mothers will give birth clearly in the week that was calculated by the gynecologist. The remaining 19 will give birth 1-2 weeks later or earlier.

Why can the "obstetric" term be erroneous?

• Not every woman has "critical days" - regular ones. The cycle and duration of menstruation is different for every woman. One has 28 days and regularly, without failures, while the other has 29-35 days and "whenever they want." For one, the torment with menstruation takes only 3 days, while for the other it takes a week, or even one and a half.
• Conception does not always occur exactly at the moment of sexual intimacy. As you know, a sperm cell is able to live for several days (or even a week) in the fallopian tube, and on which of these days fertilization occurred - no one can guess and cannot establish.

How to calculate the gestational age by the first movement of the fetus?

The oldest, "grandmother's" method for determining the gestational age. It cannot be attributed to the most accurate, but together with other methods - why not? The term of the 1st stirring of the crumbs is still noted in the history of the pregnancy of the expectant mother.

It's simple: the 1st movement is exactly half the term. For the 1st birth, this usually occurs at week 20 (i.e., date of the 1st stir + another 20 weeks), and for subsequent births, at the 18th week (date of the 1st stir + another 22 weeks).

However, it should be remembered that…

• The expectant mother will not even feel the true 1st movements (the baby begins to move as early as the 12th week).
• Often, for the 1st stirring, mothers take gas formation in the intestines.
• A thin, slender mother with a sedentary lifestyle is likely to feel the first points much earlier.

Given the inconsistency of this method for making important decisions about the timing of childbirth, relying only on it is not only naive, but also dangerous. Therefore, determining the date of birth can only be complex. That is, adjusted on the basis of all factors, analyzes, diagnostics and other indicators.

We calculate the gestational age and the date of birth by conception on the days of ovulation

The easiest way to calculate your gestational age is to use the days of ovulation in your calculations. Most likely, pregnancy occurs on the 14th day of the 28-day cycle (or on the 17-18th day with a 35-day cycle) - this day is the starting point for the gestational age. For calculations, you only need to subtract 13-14 days from the date of the missed period and add 9 months.

The disadvantage of the method is the low accuracy of forecasts:

• 1st reason: the period of sperm activity (2-7 days) in the fallopian tube.
• 2nd reason: it is difficult to determine the approximate day of conception if the spouses make love several times a week or more often.

How do obstetricians-gynecologists calculate the gestational age?

On the first visit of the expectant mother with an embarrassed “I'm probably pregnant”, the gynecologist, first of all, is interested in the date of the last menstruation. But the gestational age will be calculated, of course, not only on its basis, but in a complex way.

The "package" of such factors and criteria includes the following methods:

According to the size of the uterus

An experienced doctor will very quickly and clearly determine the term in this way, especially on early dates. For example, during pregnancy up to 4 weeks, this criterion will be equal to the size of a chicken egg, and at the 8th week - the size of a goose.

After 12 weeks, it is already more difficult to determine, because each baby is individual, and the size of the uterus in 2 mothers with the same period may be different.

According to ultrasound

Again, until the 12th week of pregnancy, determining its period is an easier process than starting from the 3rd month.

The error of ultrasound diagnostics from the 2nd trimester is due to the individual development of babies.

According to the height of the fundus of the uterus (VDM)

The gynecologist uses this method starting from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy. In the process of carrying a baby, the uterus grows with him and gradually goes beyond the bottom of the pelvis.

The doctor measures the VDM, laying the expectant mother on the couch - probes the uterus through the abdominal cavity and works with a "centimeter" (from the pubic joint to the highest point of the uterus). The increase in VDM occurs weekly and most often corresponds to certain indicators.

Deviations of 2-4 cm are possible, taking into account the age of the mother, the number of waters and the number of embryos, the size of the baby, etc. Therefore, the obtained indicators must be compared with the size of the fetus and with the circumference of the mother's waist.

VDM - weekly calculation:

• 8-9th week

The uterus within the small pelvis. VDM - 8-9 cm.

• 10-13th week

From the 12th week begins the development of the placenta, the formation of blood vessels in the fetus, the growth of the uterus. VDM - 10-11 cm.

• 16-17th week

The kid is no longer just a "tadpole", but a little man with all the organs. VDM - 14-18 cm. At the 16th week, the doctor is already probing the uterus in the area between the navel and the pubis.

• 18-19th week

Formed placental system, limbs, cerebellum, as well as the immune system. VDM - 18-19 cm.

• 20th week

At this period, the VDM should be equal to the period - 20 cm.

• 21st week

From this point on, 1 cm / week is added. The bottom of the uterus is palpable at a distance of 2 fingers from the navel. VDM - about 21 cm.

• 22-24th week

The bottom of the uterus is already in the navel, and is easily determined by the doctor. The fetus already weighs about 600 g. WDM - 23-24 cm.

• 25-27th week

VDM - 25-28 cm.

• 28-30th week

VDM is 28-31 cm.

• From the 32nd week, the doctor determines the bottom of the uterus already between the navel and the xiphoid process of the chest. VDM - 32 cm.
• By the 36th week, the uterine fundus can already be felt on the line that connects the costal arches. VDM is 36-37 cm.
• 39th week. During this period, the bottom of the uterus descends. The weight of the baby "passes" over 2 kg. VDM is 36-38 cm.
• 40th week. Now the bottom of the uterus can again be felt between the ribs and the navel, and the VDM sometimes decreases to 32 cm. This is the period when the baby is ready to be born.

According to the size of the head and the length of the fetus

For this method of calculating the term, various formulas are used:

• Jordania method

Here the formula is presented as X (term in weeks) \u003d L (length of the child, cm) + C (D head, cm).

• Skulsky method

The formula is as follows: X (term in months) \u003d (L x 2) - 5 / 5. In this case, L is the length of the child in cm, the five in the numerator indicates the thickness of the uterine wall, and the five denominator is the special / coefficient.

Analyzes and examinations

Registration in the antenatal clinic. First appointment with a gynecologist

5-8 weeks pregnant

The doctor will conduct an examination, confirm the fact of pregnancy and draw up your individual examination plan. When examined on a chair, the doctor will clarify not only the fact of pregnancy, but also the condition of the uterine appendages, and will also take all the necessary smears for infections and the epithelium from the cervix for oncocytology (examination for the presence of cells that can provoke cancer). The gynecologist will collect data about your health, ask about diseases of relatives, clarify the features of your lifestyle. The doctor will give you a considerable stack of papers - directions for further tests.

Blood test for hCG (chorionic gonadotropin)

5-8 weeks pregnant

The presence of pregnancy is determined by the level of hCG and the stability of its development is assessed. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe this analysis again, to clarify the dynamics of the growth of this hormone, which can be used to judge how correctly the pregnancy develops at this time.

First ultrasound

5-8 weeks pregnant

The study will clarify the gestational age, see if everything is in order with the fetal egg, and sometimes see the heartbeat of the embryo.

Colposcopy

5-8 weeks pregnant

Special examination of the cervix using a microscope.

Primary laboratory diagnostics

8-10 weeks pregnant

General urine analysis will help evaluate the functioning of the kidneys and bladder (urinary system).
A smear on the flora from the vagina will show the presence of possible inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs, hidden and overt infections.
Examination for urogenital infection. The infection is sexually transmitted and is fraught with serious consequences for the health of the expectant mother and fetus.
General blood analysis, which you pass in the morning on an empty stomach, will help assess the state of your body. It reflects the ability of the blood to carry oxygen, the presence or absence of an inflammatory response, and the body's ability to stop bleeding. This analysis is basic, deviations in it are the basis and starting point for a more detailed examination.
Blood for AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis B and C- this is the detection of antibodies to serious infections, each of which has a significant impact on the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus. If an active process is detected, the question of the advisability of maintaining pregnancy may even arise.
Determination of the Rh factor and blood type must be done once, at the very beginning of pregnancy. If you have a negative Rh factor, you need the future dad to also pass a similar analysis. At Rh positive the father of the child throughout the pregnancy will need to monitor the Rh antibodies in the blood of the pregnant woman, as they can greatly harm the child. Today, technology even makes it possible to determine the fetal Rh factor by its DNA in the mother's blood long before birth.
Blood test for TORCH infection will indicate to the doctor the presence or absence of toxoplasma, mycoplasma, cytomegalovirus and herpes virus in your body. The doctor, if necessary, will select the right treatment.
Coagulogram will help to determine the main parameters of the blood coagulation system, to identify a tendency to bleeding and thrombosis.
Determining the level of glucose in the blood will show the gynecologist how efficiently your pancreas works and whether glucose tolerance is impaired in the body of a pregnant woman.
Feces on eggs of worms.
Blood test for hormones(TSH, T4, AT to TPO, AT (antibodies) to TG) - in order to find out what condition your thyroid gland is in. You may need additional medication support.
Blood chemistry will help to determine the condition of internal organs - kidneys, liver, pancreas.
Blood test for antiphospholipid antibodies- for accurate diagnosis of diseases of the immune system. It is prescribed if there was a history of pregnancy loss.

Visiting doctors

8-10 weeks pregnant

It is necessary to visit a therapist, dentist, otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, surgeon, cardiologist, endocrinologist.

Electrocardiogram

8-10 weeks pregnant

It will allow you to clarify the absence or presence of problems in the work of the most important muscle in the body, the load on which since the onset of pregnancy increases many times. If abnormalities are detected on the ECG, the therapist will prescribe an ECHO-KG, which allows you to more accurately determine the degree of cardiac dysfunction.

General urine analysis

at 10 weeks pregnant

Dynamic control of the general analysis of urine will allow you to evaluate the work of the kidneys and bladder.

1st trimester screening

at 12 weeks pregnant

Screening for chromosomal abnormalities and gross malformations of the fetus consists of several procedures:
- Ultrasound, by which the doctor can assess whether the fetus has a visually gross developmental pathology, as well as the presence or absence of signs that may indicate any genetic disease (Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome);
- A blood test that shows if there are any abnormalities in certain indicators, which may also indicate the risk of systemic genetic diseases.
- computer analysis of the degree of individual risk of giving birth to a child with a chromosomal abnormality in this couple, taking into account the results obtained from ultrasound and biochemical studies.
- vaginal examination, assessment of the condition of the cervix. This is one of the terms in which ICI can begin to form (isthmic-cervical insufficiency, when the muscles of the cervix weaken earlier than required). Therefore, the gynecologist needs to examine you and evaluate the size and consistency of the cervix. If, during the examination, CCI is indeed detected, depending on the situation, the doctor will either monitor the state of the cervix in dynamics, or suggest hospitalization.

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How the body of women changes by week

In the images you can see a rough illustration of the development of the baby inside the womb for each week. To the left of the images is a summary of the fetal growth for that week. For more complete and detailed information, you can find by clicking on the "More" link, which is located under each description.

Weekly pregnancy calendar is very handy.

Knowing how pregnancy goes by week is not only interesting, but also very useful! The pregnancy calendar will help you with this. It is designed to keep the mother informed of all the events of intrauterine development, to help adjust nutrition and lifestyle during different periods of pregnancy. In addition, the pregnancy calendar allows you to calculate the expected date of birth.

Weekly pregnancy calendar

It will facilitate medical supervision of the expectant mother and her baby, and will also give answers to the most important questions that you will certainly face: when the stomach begins to grow, why it makes you feel sick during pregnancy, how to recognize the first fetal movement.

Thanks to this calendar, you will not forget that the time has come to undergo screening, take tests, go for a scheduled ultrasound. And with the approaching date of childbirth, such a weekly calendar will help you prepare in the best way for the long-awaited event.

This pregnancy calculator will allow you to calculate how long you are now, the date of your future birth, the date of conception, and even the zodiac sign of the future baby and his zodiac animal according to the Eastern calendar. You can also determine the age of the fetus, its weight and height, and how much time is left before delivery. To do this, you need to enter the date of the first day of your last period and the length of your menstrual cycle. In addition, our calculator generates a very convenient and practical weekly pregnancy table. Using it, you can navigate which week of pregnancy you are currently in, as well as track the height and weight of your unborn child.

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Monthly pregnancy calendar.

By month

Monthly pregnancy calendar will be your guide for all 40 weeks of pregnancy. Each expectant mother will be able to leave her feedback, observations, share experiences and useful information here. Together we will monitor how quickly our kids grow and develop! And give advice on the right way of life, the way of eating and the safe treatment of all sorts of ailments.

Every month of pregnancy is characterized by serious changes in the development of the child: he achieves more and more success in physical and mental development, the baby’s brain grows intensively, muscle mass grows stronger, vital organs and systems are formed, and even the first natural skills! The pregnancy calendar by month will acquaint you in detail with these events at each stage.

Personal pregnancy calendar

Every woman can keep a personal pregnancy calendar. Moreover, it is welcome and recommended. You are in a very special state right now. Many sensations are new to you, and can even cause excitement and fear - the body of a pregnant woman undergoes tremendous changes, both in a physiological sense and in a psychological one.

The weekly and monthly pregnancy calendar has been compiled with an attempt and purpose to explain each of them.

You can have a personal pregnancy calendar in a separate notebook, which you decorate according to your mood, tastes, feelings, and who you expect: a boy or a girl. Such an album will be a great start to a family chronicle or a chronicle of the life of your heir.

Interactive pregnancy calendar

But in addition, modern expectant mothers resort to the services of the Internet and choose an interactive pregnancy calendar for observations. It's convenient, easy to use, accurate, practical, informative, and completely free!

You can resort to its help when you need to quickly determine the date of birth or accurately determine the current gestational age (using a special calculator for this), divide your pregnancy into trimesters, months or weeks.

Online pregnancy calendar is becoming more and more popular. Women want to know more about this special period: what are the first signs of pregnancy, how to avoid miscarriage, what to do with increased uterine tone, how to find out the first harbingers of childbirth, how to determine the sex of the child. The calendar contains articles, tips, explanations, and a calculator for determining the duration of pregnancy and the expected date of delivery.

You can conduct personal monitoring of your own pregnancy, your condition and that of your child, and carry out the calculations that interest you.

Online pregnancy calendar - at your service! Keep your finger on the pulse of the most important events in your life!

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How to correctly calculate the gestational age by weeks and days

Obstetrician-gynecologists start counting the gestational age from the first day of the last menstruation. Usually, the actual period is 13-16 days less, since conception occurs approximately in the middle of the menstrual cycle, i.e. at the time of ovulation. However, to avoid confusion, doctors start counting the gestational age 2 weeks before the date of conception.

Having discovered that a long-awaited pregnancy has come, many women experience a surge of enthusiasm and at the same time a desire to learn as much as possible about their new condition. Since changes in the body of a woman who is expecting a child occur constantly, it is very convenient to calculate the weekly pregnancy calendar and monitor your condition by referring to it.

Calculate pregnancy calendar and gestational age

To calculate the pregnancy calendar and due date, special online services have been created. Using our calendar is simple: just enter the date when the last menstruation began in a special window - and in a few seconds you will become the owner of a personal calendar. The calculator will divide the duration of your pregnancy into weeks, indicating the time frame for each of them: the start date and end date of all weeks of your pregnancy separately.

This is very convenient and useful: referring to the personal calendar, you can adjust your lifestyle and nutrition, taking into account the needs of the body of the mother and child at different times. You will also know in which of the periods the laying and development of the organs of your crumbs takes place, your own condition and well-being change, and this will make it easier for the doctor to monitor the well-being of your pregnancy. In addition, with the help of this calendar, it is easy to figure out when one trimester of pregnancy ends and another begins.

Calculate pregnancy calendar and due date

This pregnancy calendar also allows you to calculate the approximate due date. It falls on the end date of the fortieth week of pregnancy.

Of course, absolute - up to a day - accuracy cannot be obtained with this and any other method of calculation, because the duration of the menstrual cycle for different women can fluctuate, and the duration of the childbearing period is an absolutely individual indicator, despite the fact that there are average norms.

In any case, by calculating the weekly pregnancy calendar, you can find out what has changed in your body and what happens to your baby in one week or another, as well as when you can approximately prepare for childbirth and expect the birth of the most beloved creature in the world. !