Sentences with the preposition on. Examples of sentences with prepositions: during, in continuation, as a result? Sentence with preposition

Any schoolchild can answer; children begin to study this part of speech from the second grade and learn about what prepositions there are throughout the entire school curriculum. However, in a conversation they begin to use them from the very first phrases, because they make it possible to build the dependence of words on each other so that the statement takes on meaning and becomes a sentence. And although a preposition is an unchangeable part that does not act at all as a member of a sentence, but can only be attached to one, for a correctly constructed statement its presence is mandatory and irreplaceable. Therefore, for a correctly delivered speech, you simply need to know what prepositions there are, how they affect the endings of the words they are associated with, and how to use them correctly. After all, it is this small detail that forms semantic dependencies and relationships between words.

In the humanitarian dictionary, the definition of a preposition in the Russian language sounds something like this: this is a service word that formalizes the subordination of the case form of names to another word, expressing an attitude towards objects regarding their actions.

Main functions

Like all function words, prepositions are not used independently; they are always associated with a noun or another word used as such, which makes it impossible to define this element as a part of speech, but they are included among them. In some cases, it is the preposition that can determine antonymous and synonymous shades and pairs, making it quite easy to choose the right combination of words for the statement.

For example: to school - from school; before lesson - after lesson; at the kindergarten - at the kindergarten - near the kindergarten; due to inattention - due to inattention.

What are the prepositions?

All prepositions are divided into temporal, spatial, causal and target. Some of them can be used with nouns in one case, while others are used with words in different cases. For example:

• to a friend, to school - D. p. (to whom? to what?);
• thanks to a friend, thanks to school - D. p. (thanks to whom? thanks to what?);
• at seven o'clock - V. p. (at what?);
• in the park - P. p. (in what?).

The example shows that the preposition “in” can be used with words in different cases. Prepositions such as in, about, from, with, through, at, on, without, can have a huge number of meanings. In Russian they are called non-derivative prepositions.

If the preposition is formed from and is used with only one case, then it is called derivative. For example:

- around the house, the original form of the preposition is an adverb around;

- In one hour, the original form of the preposition is a noun flow, used with a preposition "V";

- thanks to the help, the original form of the preposition is the gerund .

Structural differences

Along with all the differences, Russian prepositions are also divided by their structure. Namely:

• Simple, consisting of one word. As a rule, these are one- and two-syllable. Non-derivative and some derivative prepositions: on, in, to, under, over.
• Complex or paired ones, which are essentially a type of simple prepositions: because of, from under and others.
• Compounds that are prepositional-case combinations: in fact, along by, in part, in relation to, depending on and so on.

Places by value

Since the preposition is only a connecting part, it cannot have its own meaning, but only determines the grammatical relationships between nouns used in oblique cases and other words. In other words, its lexical meaning depends on the word to which it is attached, but it can convey various adverbial nuances of the connection between words.

All prepositions of the Russian language are divided into the following categories:

• Spatial or prepositions of place: from, in, to, at, by, under, because of, about, in front of, around, near. For example: lives in the city; works at a factory; runs around the house.

• Temporal or prepositions of time: before, through, in, by, to, with, before, during. For example: after half an hour; jogging in the morning; walk before bed.

• Causal: from, for, from evil, due to, thanks to, by chance, in view of, as a result. For example: blushed with shame; broke a vase out of spite; I made a mistake due to carelessness.

• Prepositions indicating purpose: for, for, in, to and others. For example: say for fun; speech on occasion; go on vacation.

• Object, determine and indicate to which object the action is directed: about, about, with, about, regarding, about and others. For example: miss your daughter; find out about ratings.

Classification of derived prepositions

Depending on the part of speech from which the preposition is formed, they are divided into the following categories. Many hours are devoted in the school curriculum to what kinds of prepositions that come from other parts of speech, and rightly so, because it is very important to know what kind of connection words can form, and how to use them correctly in speech and writing.

Spelling prepositions

Knowing what prepositions there are is just as important as spelling them. Therefore, one of the main topics of the school curriculum regarding prepositions is spelling. The very first rule that children learn is: “Prepositions with other words are written separately.” To correctly determine whether a word is a function word, a question or complement can be placed between the preposition and the associated word.

For example: on (what?) the sea or at the Black Sea.

In high school, children are introduced to adverb education. And here the most important thing is to determine whether this part of the sentence is an adverb or is it already a preposition. To do this, you need to determine whether the sentence contains a noun in and how it is related to the controversial part.

For example: look around (adverb) or look around you (preposition).

There is also the following rule: “To make sure that a word in a sentence is a preposition and not another part of speech, it should be replaced with a synonymous preposition. At the same time, the semantic meaning should not change.” Here is a list of interchangeable auxiliary prepositions:

• due to (because of, for a reason);
• like (like);
• about (about, about);
• as a result (due to reason).

For example: Due to bad weather we did not go for a walk. Due to bad weather we did not go for a walk.

Notes

The following prepositions are written separately: during, in continuation, throughout, in conclusion, in order to avoid, in fact, in contrast to.

It should also be noted that paired or conjoined prepositions, such as because of, from under, for, for, for, over, are written only with a hyphen.

For example: The sun came out from behind the clouds. A cat jumped out from under the closet.

There are also prepositions whose spelling you just need to remember. Namely: near(without and through(with a soft sign).

Using prepositions with cases

It is very important to know what prepositions there are in cases, since often it is thanks to the preposition that you can correctly determine in which case a particular word is used, which is very important for correct spelling. It should be noted that prepositions are not used with nominatives, only with indirect ones:

• with the genitive case - without, around, for, from, from, at, with;
• with the dative case - to, thanks to, according to, in spite of, contrary to, towards, by;
• with the accusative case - through, about, despite, through, in, on, under, for;
• with the instrumental case - above, before, between, behind, under, with;
• with the prepositional case - about, at, in, on.

This table of prepositions is compiled taking into account derivative and non-derivative prepositions, which in each individual case can be used only with one or more cases of nouns.

Instead of a conclusion

In fact, learning this topic thoroughly during school years is not so difficult; there are very few rules for spelling and forming prepositions from other parts of speech. The main task is that you should learn to distinguish a preposition from other elements and know how to use it correctly. This is what will allow you not only to correctly structure the words of a sentence, but also to be able to write them down without confusing the endings.

Class. (1 class)

Subject: Prepositions NA, V.

Goals:

Practical acquaintance with prepositions NA, V. Consolidation of prepositional forms of nouns.

Teach children to use the prepositions NA, B in oral speech.

Prevention of oral agrammatism.

Practical use of singular nouns in the prepositional case.

Teach students to identify the prepositions NA, B in sentences, to compose sentences with a given preposition based on a picture, diagram and visual situation.

Activation of the subject dictionary.

Equipment: symbols of vowel sounds and the sound G, rulers with circles, patterns of prepositions NA, V; ball, box; plot pictures (A butterfly sat on a flower. A cat sleeps on a chair. A cone grows on a Christmas tree. A vase is on the table. A bug sits on a leaf. Pencils are in a cup. A fish swims in an aquarium. A mushroom grows in the forest. Milk is in the refrigerator. The key is inserted into the castle. The pears and apples were placed in the basket.); toy, cube, napkin, watch, book, glass, towel, newspaper, scarf.

Progress of the lesson:

I. Organizational moment.

Working with syllables with vowel changes using a ruler with circles.

GA, GO, GU, GY, GE, GI.

II.Updating students' knowledge.

Game "What can you ride?" Remember the types of transport.

Sample answer: By car, by bicycle, by train, by plane.

III. Introducing the preposition NA.

What little word was repeated?

What does the little word NA mean? (On the surface of something)

To construct a sentence correctly, you need to remember small but very important words, without which the sentence loses its meaning. These words are called prepositions.

What scheme represents the preposition NA?

Make up sentences about a visual situation (pencilcase, notebook, pencil) with the preposition NA.

The notebook is on the table. The pencil case is on the desk. The pencil lies on the book.

IV. Working on sentences with the preposition NA.

1) - Listen to the sentences. Make a sentence diagram with the preposition NA.

Books are on the shelf. The clock hangs on the wall. The children were walking on the lawn. Children rode on carousels. In winter there is snow on the trees. Asters grow in the flowerbed. Earrings appeared on the birches. The stars are twinkling in the sky. There were footprints in the snow.

2) Make up sentences with the preposition NA.

A butterfly sat on a flower. The cat is sleeping on a chair. A cone grows on a Christmas tree. The vase is on the table. A bug sits on a leaf. The boy is skiing.

3) Work in notebooks. Look at the pictures. Make a sentence for each picture. Write down the diagram.

How many words are there in a sentence?

Give a pretext. Where does the preposition NA stand?

3) - Make up sentences with these words.

In the meadow, on a pine tree, on the road, in the stadium, in the garden, on the roof, on the shore, on the grass.

V. Dynamic pause.

Bear cubs

VI.Introducing the preposition V.

Exercise "What should we wrap the toy in?"

Look and name what you see? (Napkin, watch, book, glass, towel, newspaper, handkerchief.)

I have a toy. Which of these items do you think the toy can be wrapped in?

What pretext was repeated?

What does the preposition B mean?

Which scheme matches preposition B?

Give your own examples.

VII. Working on sentences with preposition V.

1) Make up sentences with the preposition B.

2) Work in notebooks. Look at the pictures. Make a sentence for each picture. Write down the diagram.

How many words are there in a sentence?

Give a pretext. Where is the preposition B?

3) The game “Set the table for the bear” based on pictures.

We have napkins, candy, bread, butter, milk, sugar. Make a sentence about where we will put these items.

Now the table is set. Please, bear, help yourself!

VIII. Igot classes.

What prepositions did you come across? What does the preposition NA mean? IN?

Type of lesson: frontal.

Type of lesson: lexico-grammatical.

The lesson is designed for children 6 years old with level 3 OHP.
First-second year of study, first period of study.
An open lesson was held for preschool teachers on November 18, 2014.

Target: teaching children to distinguish and correctly use the prepositions “K” and “OT” in sentences.

Tasks:

• Educational:
  • clarify the meaning of spatial relationships expressed by the prepositions “To” and “OT”;
  • introduce children to the patterns of prepositions “To” and “OT”;
  • teach children to notice and correct errors in the use of the prepositions “K” and “OT”;
  • to train children in the correct use of the prepositions “K” and “OT” with nouns in the dative and genitive cases;
  • teach children to compose sentences, replacing the preposition “K” with the preposition “OT” in a given sentence;
  • to train children in differentiating the prepositions “To” and “OT” and making sentences based on plot and subject pictures;
  • Exercise children in laying out diagrams of sentences with prepositions, teach them to analyze sentences with prepositions.
• Correctional and developmental:
  • develop the depth of inhalation and the smoothness and duration of exhalation;
  • develop fine motor skills of the fingers;
  • develop speech attention based on exercises to identify the prepositions “K” or “OT” in sentences;
  • develop children's visual perception and imagination;
  • activate the mental activity of children.
• Educational:
  • develop emotional responsiveness, ability to work in a team and independently.

Expected result: children will learn to distinguish and correctly use the prepositions “K”, “OT” in sentences.

Total duration of the lesson: 30 minutes.

Resources: picture: gnomes near the houses, diagrams of prepositions, cards with schemes of prepositions according to the number of children, plot and subject pictures according to the number of children, a toy “Kolobok”, a ball, multi-colored geometric shapes with a complex pattern and emoticons - according to the number of children, tape recorder, recording of a song “ Small Country", demonstration board.

PROGRESS OF THE CLASS

I. Introductory stage

1. Organizational moment(in a circle)

Speech therapist:

Invented by someone simply and wisely,
When meeting, say hello - Good morning!
Good morning! - To the sun and birds.
Good morning! - Smiling faces!

- I will smile at you, and you smile at each other. Let your smiles warm everyone with warmth. Take a deep breath through your nose and breathe in the warmth and kindness of this morning. Smoothly and continuously exhale all your worries and sadness through your mouth.

(Children inhale and exhale three times).

– Now wish good morning to each other and the guests.

2. Game motivation

Speech therapist: Guys, do you like to travel? Today we will go to the Magic Land, where small words live - prepositions, we will meet and make friends with some of them. Want to?

Music from the song “Small Country” is playing.

“Then close your eyes, and I’ll say the magic words.”
“Turn around yourself and find yourself in a magical land.”
Open your eyes, we find ourselves in a small magical land - the land of Prepositions. Let's take a walk along it.

Children, to the song “Little Country” (1st verse), snake around the group and return to the circle.

Speech therapist: The inhabitants of a magical land are as small as our fingers.

3. Finger gymnastics(in a circle)

Self-massage of the phalanges of the fingers).

II. Main stage

Speech therapist: Guys, look how small the houses are in the clearing. Let's get closer to them and see who lives there (picture: gnomes near the houses).

1. Acquaintance with the prepositions “K”, “OT”, their patterns

Speech therapist: Consider the two gnomes. One is called "K" and the other "OT". Why do you think? ( children's answers) Listen to a story about them.
“In the magical land of small words, there lived a preposition” TO". He was very friendly and didn't like to be alone. Therefore the preposition " TO" often visited: TO to my friends, TO acquaintances If he didn’t go to visit, he still moved: TO tree, TO river, TO home... (Showing the preposition diagram).

When someone moves towards someone or something, approaches, we say the little word “K”. Look at the diagram. The arrow is directed towards the stick.

This is the pattern of the preposition "K".

And next to the preposition “K” lived its brother - the preposition “OT”. He was not friends with anyone, was very stubborn and always did the opposite. Prepositions called him: “Come to us, we’ll play!” The stubborn man got up and walked away FROM prepositions. On a hot summer day they called him to swim: “Let's go to the lake to swim!” The preposition “OT” angrily turned away and walked in the other direction - FROM lakes. He was so stubborn. (Showing the preposition diagram).

This is the pattern of the preposition "OT".

The preposition “OT” appears when an object moves away from something, moves away. Look at the diagram, the arrow comes from the stick.

2. Training exercises

Exercise 1. “Representations”

Speech therapist: Close your eyes and imagine what you can approach in a magical land? (To the castle, to the river, to a friend, etc.)
(Preposition "K")
(When someone moves towards someone or something, approaches).

Exercise 2

Speech therapist: Look at the picture and say who is running away from whom. (A mouse runs away from a cat, a cat runs away from a dog, a dog runs away from a wolf, a wolf runs away from a tiger, a tiger runs away from an elephant, an elephant runs away from a mouse).
-What pretext did you use? (Preposition “OT”).
(When an object moves away from something, moves away).
- Guys, listen, is it possible to say this: Mom came up from tree.
- Why is it wrong to say that? (The sentence is incomprehensible to people).
- How should I say it correctly? (Mom went to the tree.)
Petya ran home. (Petya ran away from the house.)
The hare galloped off the fox. (The hare galloped away from the fox.)
– Why do you need to use prepositions correctly in sentences? (Children's answers)
– Why shouldn’t prepositions be confused or omitted in speech? (Prepositions change the meaning of a sentence)

3. The appearance of a fairy-tale character

Speech therapist: Guys, listen, it seems like someone is coming towards us. Remember who in his fairy tale left everyone, but did not leave one?

If the children find it difficult to answer, ask a riddle: “Round side, ruddy side...

“He came to us...” (A toy kolobok appears, the kolobok sings a song)
– What preposition did you hear in the kolobok song? (Preposition “OT”).
- Tell me, from whom did the bun go? (Kolobok left his grandmother. Kolobok left his grandfather... etc.)

4. Physical exercise

Speech therapist: Let's play with Kolobok. The gingerbread man will tell you sentences. If you hear the preposition “K” in a sentence, take a leap forward, and if you hear the preposition “OT”, take a step back. Be very careful not to make a mistake.

• The duck swam to the shore.
• Grandma put the chair next to the sofa.
• Zoya untied the goat from the tree.
• The magpie flew away from the fence.
• Tanya approached the store.

5. Differentiation of prepositions “K” and “OT” by ear

Speech therapist: In the Magic Land, everyone becomes a little bit of a wizard. Now you will turn one sentence into another. I will name a sentence, and you will say it backwards.

Exercise “Transformers” (with a ball)

For example: The magpie flew up to the birch tree. - The magpie flew away from the birch tree.

• The bumblebee flew up to the flower.
• The car drove away from the store.
• The tit flew away from the feeder.
• The ball rolled towards the wall.
• The ship moored to the pier.
• The bus pulled up to the stop.
• The turtle crawled to the stone.
• Sparrow jumped away from the puddle.
• The fox ran to the chicken coop.

6. Compiling sentences with the prepositions “To”, “OT” based on plot pictures.

Speech therapist: Guys, do you like to give gifts? Look, the bun brought us pictures. Give them to our pretexts.

Game "Gifts" (consolidating the differentiation of the prepositions “K” and “OT”)

Speech therapist: Look at the pictures (by number of children) carefully and give the preposition “K” only those pictures that can be used to make a sentence with the preposition “K”. And for the preposition “OT”, give those pictures that can be used to make a sentence with the preposition “OT”.

Children make sentences based on pictures and arrange pictures under preposition diagrams.

– We will give gifts to the pretexts one by one, one at a time.

Explain why they gave this or that picture to the pretext. For the correct answer, children receive a geometric figure.

Speech therapist: What a great fellow you are, how many gifts you gave. But for some reason the bun became sad. He can't make a sentence based on two object pictures. Shall we help him? You have a geometric figure in your hands. Find the same figure on the table and take your place.

7. Independent work of children.

Making proposals based on two reference pictures and diagrams. On the tables are multi-colored geometric shapes, object pictures, preposition diagrams, word-action diagrams.

Speech therapist: Now each of you will independently compose 2 sentences with the prepositions “To”, “OT” according to the diagram and subject pictures.
But first let's remember:
– What do sentences consist of? (Sentences are made up of words.)
– What words do we know? (Words-objects, words-actions, words-prepositions).
- Let's remember the schemes of prepositions. Raise the pattern of the preposition “From.”
– When is the preposition “OT” pronounced? Pick up the diagram of the preposition "K".
– When is the preposition “K” pronounced?

On the board there are two subject pictures: a calf, a wolf.

Speech therapist: Guys, help me make a proposal based on the pictures. (The calf ran away from the wolf).

The proposal outline is laid out on the board.
Analysis of the proposal:

- How many words are there in a sentence? Say the first word. Say the second word. Name the third word. Name the fourth word.
– How are words written in a sentence? (Apart).
– Now you yourself make up 2 sentences with the prepositions “K”, “OT” and lay out the diagrams of your sentences on the tables. (Drafting sentences using diagrams and subject pictures).

The car drove away from the house. The car pulled up to the garage. Etc.

The completion of the task is checked for all children, and each sentence is analyzed.

Individual work: Vlad, Bogdan, Kostya, Nastya, Katya - subject pictures - plural nouns.

Speech therapist: Guys, you are all great! Kolobok thanks you for your help and gives you his smile as a gift.

Children are given emoticons.

– Today you will bring these smiles home, share your warmth and joy with your parents and tell them about the magical land of Prepositions and its inhabitants.

III. The final stage

Speech therapist: And now it’s time for us to return to kindergarten. Come all of you to me. Close your eyes, turn around, and find yourself in kindergarten.

– What prepositions did we meet today?
– When is the preposition “K” pronounced?
– When is the preposition “OT” pronounced?

Literature:

1.Yatzel O.S. We learn to use prepositions correctly in speech. – M. Publishing house “GNOM and D”, 2006.
2. Internet resources.

It is necessary to come up with sentences with prepositions: as a result, about, like, like, in view of, instead of, despite, during, in continuation of, for the reason, for the purposes of, from the side, so that in one sentence the word is a preposition, and in another part of speech from which this preposition is formed. For example: 1. Clearly visible around. Around is an adverb 2. Walked around the house. Around is an excuse

1.due to = because of. Absent due to illness.
Error in the investigation of the theft case. (Noun in the prepositional case.)
2.about = about. Arrange a trip. Money transferred to (noun) school account
3.like-like. Shelter like a hut. Pointed out the similarity of phenomena.
4.sort of. A shelter like a hut. There were also celebrities like this.
5.due to = due to - Accident due to ice. Keep in mind (stable phrase);
appeared in sight (noun) of the city
6.instead of - instead of a preface, arrived at the destination;
7.despite = although, despite. They worked despite the rain. He walked without looking at his feet. (gerund.)
8.within - Learn for a month. There are turns in the river's flow. (Noun in the prepositional case.)
9.continued - We rested for a month. Introduce new characters into the continuation of the novel.
10. due to a crop failure;
11.for the purposes of debt elimination, no one doubted the purposes;

Other questions from the Education category

• Evolutionary scientists (Lamarck, Darwin) named different causes and factors of evolution. Whose point of view do you adhere to?