Novosibirsk Akademgorodok. History of creation. Novosibirsk Academy Town from above - Gelio (Slava Stepanov) Academy Town history

History with geography

The name “Academy” first appeared in ancient Greece and referred to the Athenian grove, while walking in which Plato talked with his students. After a couple of thousand years, Academic towns were traditionally built at a distance from the city center, in the lap of nature, surrounded by groves and forests.

Krasnoyarsk Akademgorodok- this is a garden city, a birch grove, and a pine forest. It was founded half a century ago in the image and likeness of another Academic Town - as a branch of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, based in Novosibirsk. Elder Brother is located in the middle of a forest, on the shores of the Ob Sea, an hour's drive from the city center. The Krasnoyarsk Academgorodok was initially planned to be built also away from the bustle - on the Mana River, but it was nevertheless decided to place an outpost of Siberian science closer.

The birthplace of the scientific core was chosen on a steep bank, rising a hundred meters above the Yenisei, directly opposite the protected “Pillars”. The seed for the future pearl was the building of the Institute of Physics, headed by Academician Kirensky, but the residential area began to grow a few years later. For several years, institute employees were forced to get to work on foot from the Student Town, and it must be said that the habit of walking in the forest was preserved and moved from an everyday necessity into the category of healthy pleasures. Residents of Akademgorodok still enjoy strolling through the birch grove - just as Plato and his students once did in the olive grove.

In 1965, the first houses, No. 1 and No. 2, were built - just numbers attached to the toponym Akademgorodok. There are no streets here today, which surprises first-time visitors. Academy Town is a street, only not straight, but twisted into a giant urban snail.

Ten years later, in 1976, an arboretum was laid out on an area of ​​fifteen hectares on the Yenisei bank, to which the specialized Institute of Forest and Timber was then added. In the same year, construction of a school began - the first building in the current zone of Upper Akademgorodok.

The construction of the lower Akademgorodok ended in 1979 with building No. 16, the first nine-story building among the five-story buildings, and all subsequent issues of the construction program were seen at the Upper Academ site. True, since the mid-1990s, gray panel boxes of the 111-97 series, dominating the landscape of the upper zone, were replaced by more fashionable and comfortable brick buildings. Such houses also appeared in the lower zone, under already assigned small numbers with added letters.

The academic town extends from the Yenisei bank in the south to the upper road leading from Svobodny Avenue towards the village of Udachny, the ravine in front of Gremyachiy Log in the east to the western slope of the elevated platform. Thus, the area of ​​Academy Town is about 5 square kilometers, which is twice the size of the Principality of Monaco, for example.

A rather unsteady conditional boundary of the upper and lower zones is a highway with an adjacent forest strip leading from Kirenskogo Street in Studgorodok in the direction of the Sosny microdistrict in the Yenisei valley. Administratively, it belongs to the Oktyabrsky district of the city, and the surrounding forests are under the jurisdiction of the Emelyanovsky district.

The construction and management of the territory of the microdistrict itself has always been managed by the Presidium of the SB RAS in Novosibirsk, and even after the recent radical reform of the Academy of Sciences and the consolidation of its Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center (KSC) with the Siberian Federal University (SFU), all lands and forests of Akademgorodok remain in the federal, not municipal management.

The expanded Academic Town logically connected with the growing university complex, its campus under construction and the Student Town. This turned out to be an educational and scientific cluster with accompanying transport and residential infrastructure.

Dendrology with Orthodoxy

The pre-Akademovsky landscape of the coast was not much different from other sections of the steeply rising Yenisei slopes. The coast, blown by strong winds, is still covered today with a dense carpet of squat subalpine flora with its characteristic shrubs of cotoneaster and ephedra, dream grass and irises, bright locusts and inconspicuous edelweiss, thyme and wormwood, lilac alpine asters and bushy chrysanthemums. All this blooming and fragrant splendor follows each other for six months, blooming in May and falling asleep in late autumn. However, all this grace clings closely to the surface, and the steep bank from a distance looks bare and deserted.

Living these m eating began with the planting of birch and pine trees, acacia-caragana and bird cherry along the shore. If the first five-story residential buildings of Akademgorodok were built on a vacant lot, then forests and gardens had to be displaced for further development. In the western part of the lower zone, quite extensive plantings of low-growing apple and pear trees grew - as if echoing the song about Katyusha, who came out onto the steep bank. Without proper care, the fruit trees became wild, crushed and decrepit, and therefore they were simply cut down for the most part, and houses were erected in their place.

True, the debt to nature was returned a hundredfold, by planting extensive groves of larch trees on the shore and filling the spaces between the houses with bushes of hawthorn and lilac, groves of maples and poplars, alleys of Far Eastern and common bird cherry trees. Naturally growing greenery was considerably replenished with artificially planted greenery, which was also exotic for these places. The Forest Institute and the arboretum under its jurisdiction played a major role in this.

This park-workshop served as an experimental site for the introduction of unusual Far Eastern flora. Two vast tracts of endemic pine and birch trees were complemented by plantings of spruce and poplar, linden and thuja, maple and oak, Manchurian walnut and almond, weeping willow and Amur grapes, junipers and apricots, rhododendrons and tamarisk.

In the collection and nurseries of the arboretum there were about four hundred species of trees, shrubs and herbs - it was a unique corner that combined landscape gardening art and scientific dendrology. Unfortunately, due to insufficient funding for academic science and not without the participation of a thieving public, the once luxurious arboretum fell into decay and neglect. The “zealous” gardeners not only dug up and removed bergenia and rhododendrons from the alpine hill, but also methodically removed concrete slabs, dismantling the paths of the arboretum.

And yet, the arboretum reveals remnants of its former splendor twice a year. In early spring, it is covered with a flora of blooming wild rosemary, almonds, apricots, apple trees and bird cherry trees. In Indian summer autumn it is colored with crimson and gold of maples, lindens, oaks and larches. In winter, it is also elegant, but more subdued - with the dark blue and green of spruce and pine trees, junipers and thujas.

The arboretum was also replaced by the Orthodox Church. It all started in the 1990s, when the Armenian community announced its intention to build a temple in Akademgorodok. Local residents objected and expressed a desire to see a traditional Orthodox church here. The chosen construction site is very spectacular - on a high bank with a panoramic view of the river valley and a luxurious amphitheater of protected forested mountains. Part of the arboretum area was also donated for the temple area. However, the road to the temple turned out to be very long.

Not only the original design of the building has changed, but also the name: founded in 1998 by the Patriarchal Cross as the Church of the Nativity, by the end of construction the religious object comes as the Church of the Royal Passion-Bearers and New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia - that is, the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II . This is harmonious and appropriate, to the place and to the area, given the proximity of the Nikolaevskaya hill and the Nikolaevka district, which are named after the young future king who visited the city.

Construction of the five-domed brick building with a bell tower began in 2001, but soon froze at the foundation stage. At first, the events surrounding the main sponsor A.P. Bykov interfered, then the problems of his bank “METALEX”. Vandals began to steal the asbestos-cement modules of the foundation, and therefore the diocese decided to complete the construction of the temple on its own and with the whole world.Oh, our heavy debts...

And now the long-awaited miracle happened! The seven-domed temple shone with the gold of domes of different sizes under the spring skies above the great Siberian river. It can be assumed that the first service there was dedicated to the birthday of the last emperor (May 6), and not to the date of execution in the basement of the Ipatiev House on July 17, 1918, but the prayer service was held in honor of the Great Martyr St. George.

From the moment the foundation cross was erected in 1994 until the first service, a lot of time passed - 21 years, which is quite a bit compared to the centuries-long long construction of many (admittedly more monumental) Christian churches. The road to the temple was also put in order, covered with crushed stone; believers follow it to the altar only a couple of hundred meters from the final bus stop. The road to the temple was short in distance and long in terms of construction time...

Demographics with urbanism

Despite its size comparable to that of other principalities, Akademgorodok’s population barely exceeds one percent of the entire population of Krasnoyarsk. According to its structure, Academy Town is divided not into two, but into three parts: two residential areas complement the cluster of institutions. A dozen buildings of institutes and their departments, headed by a 12-story administrative building, make up a small-town downtown, occupying a good third of the entire territory of Academy Town. In the two residential zones of the lower and upper Akadem, four dozen houses of various appearances were built, inhabited by 10,000-12,000 people.

In the lower part there is the KSC hospital, and next door in the building of a former school (and then a university) a unit of the Ministry of Emergency Situations now lives. There is one kindergarten in both towns, and in the upper town there is a large gymnasium, a primary school and an art school. In the courtyard of the gymnasium there is a large stadium where not only schoolchildren, but also adults play ball.

The infrastructure is supplemented by a post office, a Sberbank branch, household enterprises, chain supermarkets and small shops located on the ground floors of residential buildings. Adjacent to another sports ground (an ice skating rink in winter) is a not very large market.

There are practically no cultural and entertainment facilities or catering establishments in Akademgorodok - only a library. To spend their leisure time dancing with beer and barbecue, residents go to the summer cafes scattered around Akademgorodok. It should be noted that most of the people walking and strolling come to the bosom of nature from the city - often leaving behind mountains of garbage. This is also the fault of some of the local residents - the high culture of visitors to a place elevated above the city could have grown up.

The architectural appearance of Akademgorodok reflects the half-century history of the development of domestic housing construction, with a clear stage-by-stage structure and a slight diffusion of subsequent fashions. Panel five-story “Khrushchev” buildings, “improved buildings” and “new layouts” are concentrated in the lower zone. Panel high-rise buildings make up the core of the upper zone, which was later supplemented by less typical and more comfortable buildings made of red and yellow brick. Such houses were built according to original designs in the lower zone, where a 19-story building with continuous balcony glazing appeared. At the beginning of 2017, in place t the so-called “antenna field” on the shore behind the Institute of Chemistry The construction of a compact residential complex similar to “Small Quarters” began in the South Coast microdistrict. These will be brick houses of varying heights with closed courtyards, their own small park and observation deck.

The Eternal Paradox

The desire to live in comfortable conditions and closer to nature can be understood, but with one caveat: not at any cost. When there is a steady demand for housing in the forest, the price for it rises, and enterprising developers strive to build as much as possible - of course, mercilessly crowding this forest.

Salvador Dali has a painting with the paradoxically delusional title “Egg Dish Without a Dish,” in which a fried egg floats in the air in limbo. Similar surrealism can take place in our case - a house in the forest without a forest. This paradox can be fully explained by spontaneous biological mechanisms, for example, wine fermentation - yeast together ferment sugar into alcohol, subsequently reaching a certain strength in it and dying.

But people are not primitive fungi, and even under slight intoxication with the products of their vital activity they must remain rational. Ironic people continue the saying “it’s good where we are not” with “that’s why it’s good.” You can also develop the Chekhovian imperative: if you want to live among trees, plant them, and so on with building a house and the birth of a son, and in any order. Read and listen to the classics!

The history of the development of Akademgorodok and the surrounding area is indicative and, along with successes, also shows obvious mistakes. Construction began from vacant lots, and the abundance of greenery was enhanced by planting pine forests - albeit in rows and too densely, but the result pleases with comfortable shady greenery and the phytoncidal aroma of pine needles.

A threat to this forest belt looms on the horizon - in the general plan, the Student and Academic campuses will grow together along these planted rows of pine trees. Birch groves, which are less durable by nature, and some pine plantings have already suffered.

True, if the development of a children's hospital town and the expansion of the main road look like a good necessity, then the construction of a huge two-building residential building “Gremyachiy Log” is an example of a different kind. Despite the objections of some experts and the public, the plan was implemented. They tore down an entire mountain at the site of a geological fault, calling it a ravine threatening erosion. Before this, they cut down hundreds of birches and pines, promising to plant ten times more. Promising does not mean fulfilling, and the question of where these thousands of trees grow remains rhetorical.

As a result, the promise of housing in the middle of the forest turned out to be not an empty sound - rather, the strong noise from the highway passing under the windows. The thousand-apartment building is separated from the road by barely a couple of rows of abandoned pine trees, the underground parking lots are empty due to the high cost, and numerous cars in huge numbers have filled the surrounding area. But earlier, in this place, birches rustled, fires blazed, saffron milk caps and strawberries grew. A house in the forest without a forest - it is only clearly visible from the upper floors. The paradox, however...

Recreation with ecology

For a very long time, Academy Town remained a place very remote from the bustle of the city - not so much in terms of distance from the center, but because of poor transport connections. In Soviet times, there was only one city route leading here; you could wait two hours for a bus and end up not being able to squeeze into it. Since then, some people have probably retained the useful habit of walking to the Campus, which is connected to the city by many times more transport. Now that the road has been widened and all parts of the city have been connected by several routes, getting there has become much simpler and easier - it takes half an hour and sitting to the city center.

Local forests have thinned out considerably - crushed by numerous feet and wheels or lined with paths with lantern lighting. True, even before, asphalt paths led through the entire forest, convenient for walking in bad weather and protecting the undergrowth from trampling.

Today's Academy Town is an exemplary recreational area on the verge of a balance between forest and park. As before, animals and birds live in this area: woodpeckers and partridges, familiar city birds, sometimes foxes and hares drop in, and timid roe deer have stopped wandering in completely. Squirrels have multiplied greatly, having adapted to evade dogs and brazenly begging on forest paths. As before, although the fry and meadowsweet bloom less luxuriantly, orchids and lilies are fragrant. In the pine trees planted in rows there are a lot of boletus and russula, and in natural mixed ones you can come across boletus and honey mushrooms.

Akadem remains a forest, but it has never been a taiga. The taiga beauty can be observed from afar and with incredible comfort: gravel paths run along the shore, benches are placed, sitting on which you can admire the taiga-rock landscapes that have become the Stolbov natural park, the horizons of the Yenisei river valley, the view of the Bobrovy Log fan park with ski slopes tracks.

By the way, in the upper Academ there is its own ski slope - the Blinka hill, with a not very large slope and a lift, an excellent place for beginner athletes and just those who like to have a blast on skis or snowboards. In winter, when there is no snow at all in the city, it is white in Akademgorodok, and therefore people come here to ride down the mountain and cross-country ski around the Nikolaevskaya Hill.

In Akademgorodok, the air is not at all urban, blown by the winds blowing over the Yenisei, in the mornings a snow-white fog swirls over the river, and in the calm of the wind from the shore it is sad to see the city covered with a black dome of smog. From a wonderful town under the blue sky...

Gennady Rybachenko

Academy town from a bird's eye view. At the bottom of the photo you can see the shore of the Ob Sea, the Berdskoye Highway passing above, Morskoy Avenue going up, and Zolotodolinskaya Street from it to the right and down.

Entrance to Akademgorodok along Stroiteley Avenue

Novosibirsk Akademgorodok located twenty kilometers south of the city center, on the right bank of the Novosibirsk reservoir. It is part of the Sovetsky district of Novosibirsk. The population of the Sovetsky district, according to the Novosibirsk mayor's office, is 130.9 thousand people.

At the same time, the Sovetsky district includes a number of territories that do not belong to Akademgorodok, as well as territories whose inclusion in Akademgorodok is a controversial issue. The total population for the microdistricts of the Sovetsky district is estimated as follows: “upper zone” - 22 thousand inhabitants, microdistrict “Shch” - 27 thousand inhabitants, microdistrict “D” - 10 thousand inhabitants, Nizhnyaya Eltsovka - 14 thousand inhabitants, Shlyuz - 16 thousand inhabitants .

Thus, depending on the definition of the boundaries of Academic Town, the size of the permanent population can be estimated from 22 to 75 thousand residents (the estimate was made based on the number of voters in polling stations, based on social research data on the even distribution of minor family members. At the same time, the share of the population actually living in Akademgorodok, does not have a reliable assessment).

Academy Town is one of the most important scientific and educational centers. On the territory of the Academic Town there are dozens of research institutes, the Presidium of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), and the School of Physics and Mathematics.

In December 2014, Novosibirsk Akademgorodok was included in the register of cultural heritage sites.

Natural conditions

During the construction of Academy Town, an important task was considered to preserve the nature of the area on which it was built as much as possible. Thanks to this, there are significant natural plants on the territory of Akademgorodok; in addition, many artificial plantings were planted. A specially left forest area separates Akademgorodok from the Berdskoye Highway. All this together makes an important contribution to ensuring comfortable living conditions in Akademgorodok.

History of Akademgorodok

Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS in Akademgorodok

The academic town was founded in 1957 on the initiative of academicians Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrentiev (1900-1980), Sergei Lvovich Sobolev (1908-1989) and Sergei Alekseevich Khristianovich (1908-2000). The decision to create the Academy Town was contained in a decree of the USSR government adopted on May 18, 1957.

Construction began in 1958, and the buildings of the first institutes and residential buildings were put into operation in 1959 (the Institute of Hydrodynamics was the first to be completed). In subsequent years, over 20 more institutes, residential areas and the Novosibirsk State University were built, classes in which began on September 28, 1959.

A significant event in the history of Academgorodok was the holding of the first official art song festival by the Pod Integral club in March 1968.

During the Soviet period (1959-1991), Akademgorodok was a prestigious place to live.

Morskoy Avenue in Akademgorodok

The collapse of the Soviet economic system and the Soviet Union itself led to a deep economic crisis in Akademgorodok. Real salaries for scientists have fallen sharply, often to levels below the subsistence level; Mass emigration of scientists to foreign universities and research centers began.

At the same time, positive phenomena were also observed. Private investment (mostly from abroad) led to the creation of research and software companies in Akademgorodok. Divisions of Intel and Schlumberger were opened and Novosoft was created. By 2006, private investment in the Academy City economy reached $150 million per year (increasing from $10 million in 1997), and there was a trend towards further growth.

Novosibirsk Technopark

Novosibirsk State University

In August 2006, a decision was made to build a technology park in Akademgorodok worth 17 billion rubles (then exactly a year later the estimated cost was increased and reached 21,736.63 million rubles). The technology park will be built within the framework of the state program “Creation of technology parks in the Russian Federation in the field of high technologies” and will specialize in four main areas: information technology, medical and biological technologies, power electronics and instrument engineering. The territory of the technology park will be 100 hectares. It is planned that the total area of ​​research and production premises will be about 150 thousand m². In addition to them, many auxiliary areas will be introduced, office and shopping centers, and residential complexes will be built. Construction of the technology park was supposed to begin in September 2007, and the first phase was planned to be completed within two years. According to the statement of the former Chairman of the SB RAS Nikolai Dobretsov, construction began on November 29, 2007. At the same time, the technology park project caused protests from some residents of Academgorodok, concerned about the possible environmental consequences of the planned construction. Under the influence of protests, the original construction plans were significantly adjusted. In October 2008, the general investor of the project, RosEuroDevelopment LLC, left the project. After this, the project was again adjusted several times.

Main scientific and educational institutions of Akademgorodok

Main cultural centers

Museums

Emblem

Novosibirsk Akademgorodok does not have an official coat of arms. The emblem most often used is the emblem of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, most often called “Sigma”. In fact, the logo represents the Greek letter sigma against the background of an oscilloscope instrument curve enclosed in a circle.

Dedications

The song “Akademgorodok” by Moscow poet, singer-songwriter and rock bard Alexandra Pavlova (stage name Sashka the Cat) is dedicated to the Academic Town of Novosibirsk. The song was included in the Siberian single “KotLeta”, released in 2011.

Southern Cemetery

IN Akademgorodok There is the Southern (Cherbuzinskoe) cemetery of Novosibirsk (Arbuzova Street). Outstanding scientists are buried here - the founder of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, academician M. A. Lavrentyev, academicians V. A. Koptyug, M. M. Lavrentyev, G. K. Boreskov, G. I. Budker, A. P. Okladnikov, A. A. Trofimuk, N. N. Yanenko, V. N. Monakhov, Lenin Prize laureate, cardiac surgeon E. N. Meshalkin and others, head of the Sibakademstroy department N. M. Ivanov, builder of the Academy Town Hero of Socialist Labor F. V. Biryulyaev , and in addition, the famous pianist V. A. Lothar-Shevchenko, musician and poet Sergei Faletenok.

Notes

1. Territorial structure - Sovetsky district Official website of the city of Novosibirsk. novo-sibirsk.ru
2. Official website of Novosibirsk: Academgorodok of Novosibirsk
3. Memories Archived June 29, 2011. M. A. Lavrentiev published in the book “The Age of Lavrentiev”. Chapter 9. How Academy Town began
4. “CNews”, “Siberians allocate billions for technopark”, August 18, 2006 Archived January 28, 2012.
5. “CNews”, “Technopark in Novosibirsk: new details of the project”, August 20, 2007 (inaccessible link - story) . Retrieved September 3, 2018. Archived December 13, 2009.
6. RIA Novosti, “Tolokonsky: Construction of the first stage of the technology park in the academic town of Novosibirsk will take up to two years,” July 26, 2007 Archived August 3, 2007.
7. “Academ.Info”, “Nikolai Dobretsov: “The Technopark has always existed!””, November 29, 2007
8. "Green Academ.org" (inaccessible link - story) . Retrieved November 17, 2008. Archived October 17, 2008.
9. The general investor withdraws from the technology park construction project
10. Friends will erect a monument to Novosibirsk musician Sergei Faletenko

Literature

• Kuznetsov I. S. Domestic historical science from 1917 to the present day: documents and materials: textbook. - Novosibirsk: RIC NSU, 2006. - 84 p. - (Proceedings of the Faculty of Humanities. Series V. Textbooks and teaching aids / Novosibirsk State University, Faculty of Humanities, ISSN 1819-5040). - ISBN 5-94356-376-8.
• The Russian Academy of Sciences. Siberian Branch: Historical essay / E. G. Vodichev, S. A. Krasilnikov, V. A. Lamin, etc. - Novosibirsk: Science, 2007. - 510 p. - 1200 copies. - ISBN 978-5-02-032108-3.

Links

• Mobile application about the events of the ACDM Academy Town
• Novosibirsk Academic Town on the Yandex.Panorama service.
• Directory of Akademgorodok. Articles. News
• Interactive electronic map of Akademgorodok
• Akademgorodok on Wikimap
• Portal Akademgorodok
• FIRST…

In the literature of the fantasy genre, one often comes across the same image that has become a cliche: the City of Wizards or the City of Sages. Mysterious groves in which there are inconspicuous but clearly magical buildings, winding streets leading to an unknown destination, schoolchildren with eyes glowing from the wonders they have comprehended, and the feeling that some kind of Cthulhu here is a much more real danger than a robber with a knife.
Academy Town is a typical City of the Sages, and walking through it, you feel as if you were on the island of Rock from Ursula Le Guin’s “A Wizard of Earthsea” or to NUINA from the Soviet film “The Sorcerers.” But I ask Harry Potter fans not to worry - there is too little pathos in Academy Town.

The year of birth of Akademgorodok is considered to be 1957, when it was decided to create the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and organize a large center for fundamental research in the east of the country. Academician Lavrentiev was elected the first chairman of the SB RAS, who developed the concept of the Academic Town as a comprehensive association of multidisciplinary scientific centers. Initially, the SB RAS included 10 institutes, for which the Akademgorodok, or, officially, the Sovetsky district of Novosibirsk, was built. The emergence of Akademgorodok turned Novosibirsk into perhaps the largest (at least on a par with Moscow and St. Petersburg) scientific center in Russia.
One list of his research institutes is impressive:

Institute of Thermophysics named after. S. S. Kutateladze
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry named after. A. V. Nikolaeva
Institute of Catalysis named after. G. K. Boreskova
Institute of Organic Chemistry named after. N. N. Vorozhtsova
Institute of Nuclear Physics named after. G. I. Budkera
Institute of Informatics Systems named after. A. P. Ershova
Institute of Computing Technologies
Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics
Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine
Institute of Cytology and Genetics
Institute of Mathematics named after S. L. Soboleva
Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineralogy named after. A. A. Trofimuk
Institute of Automation and Electrometry
Institute of Semiconductor Physics
Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion
Institute of Hydrodynamics named after. M. A. Lavrentieva
Institute of Archeology and Ethnography
Institute of Economics and Organization of Industrial Production
Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS
Institute of History
Institute of Laser Physics
Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry
Research Institute of Circulatory Pathology named after. E. N. Meshalkina

They say that many of these research institutes now have branches of Western computer companies - Intel, Microsoft, etc. - for which Academy Town is sometimes called “Silicon Taiga” (by analogy with Silicon Valley in California). And in general, the local research institutes do not give the impression of dying - even the humanitarian and non-practical Research Institute of Archeology and Ethnography.

The emblem of the SB RAS is "Sigma", the unofficial symbol of Akademgorodok. From here.

In general, academic town is not a proper name, and it is written with a capital letter without explanation only in Novosibirsk. Their own Academic Towns appeared later in Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk and for some reason in Kyiv. But the prototype of all of them was this academic town.

The current Academy Town is essentially a conglomerate of various research institutes and buildings of the Novosibirsk University with adjacent comfortable residential areas. When you’re driving around the city in a minibus, requests to stop sound something like this: “I’m at Yadernaya, please!”, “Drop me off at Organicheskaya!”, “I care about Hydrodynamics!” In fact, the full names of the stops are: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Institute of Organic Chemistry, but naturally, the brightest parts of the names come into use. The streets of Akademgorodok are absolutely dominated by intelligent people: NSU students, teachers, scientists, engineers. And this atmosphere is very atypical for Russia:
-What are we photographing?
-Uh... Yes, I’m checking the lens.
- Don’t be afraid, it’s better to go into the lobby and take a photo there!
(The dialogue took place near the Research Institute of Ethnography, which is not involved in anything secret, but still indicative).

For the traveler, Akademgorodok is also interesting as an “ideal city” of the Khrushchev era, which has survived to this day in almost its original urban form. And the ideal city of those times was a “city in the forest.” In Academy Town this idea was implemented brilliantly: this is what it looks like from the air:

From here.

And indeed, the city was built right in the forest. Khrushchev's five-story buildings turned out to be ideal houses here, since they are the same height as the trees. When you look along the street, you only see trees along its sides:

Quite a city street on the outskirts of Akademgorodok:

And if you look across, you see residential buildings behind the trees.
The main street of Akademgorodok is Lavrentiev Avenue, which turns into Morskoy Avenue. In general, the street names here are beautiful and not socialist - after all, this is part of Novosibirsk, and all Lenina, Kirova, Ordzhonikidze and Oktyabrsky remained in the city.

I suggest taking a short walk along the avenue. This, of course, is not the whole of Academy Town, but a very indicative part of it. Let's start from Koptyuga Avenue:

In the background, judging by the abbreviation, is the Research Institute of Cytology and Genetics.

Opposite is another research institute, the name of which I did not remember, but right next to it is the Institute of Nuclear Physics, the largest in Academic Town, and even in the entire RAS in general.

The INP is located on Lavrentiev Avenue, at its intersection with Koptyuga Avenue. A little further is the administration of the Sovetsky district, which looks terribly out of place in the City of Sages.

Research Institute of Hydrodynamics. Behind it there is a turn to the open-air museum, which is discussed separately. The backyard of this research institute is filled with impressive mechanisms and containers. The building itself is considered the oldest in Akademgorodok - it was put into operation in 1959.

The former cafe "Under Integral" (now a bank) is approximately the same as the Leningrad cafe "Saigon", that is, the place where the underground gathered in the 60s. The memorial plaque says that Alexander Galich performed here at the Bard-68 festival, and here he incurred disfavor.

The architecture of Akademgorodok is simply Khrushchev-esque. But these buildings are appropriate here. The “no frills” boxes, surrounded by pine trees and in the general atmosphere here, look great. In some ways, the minimalist appearance of Akademgorodok is the result of the romanticism of the Khrushchev era. Academician Lavrentiev said:
“We don’t have any outstanding buildings; they were all built according to standard or repeated designs. We weren’t particularly concerned about the appearance - we relied not on unique buildings, but on unique people with unique ideas.”

But you can breathe life, beauty and comfort even into Khrushchev buildings. It is nice here:

One can only imagine how comfortable it must be here in summer and early autumn.

There are also several buildings from the Brezhnev period: House of Scientists of the SB RAS

House of Culture on Ilyich Street:

Which leads to Novosibirsk State University. The student atmosphere of Academic Town is also pleasing to the eye and ear. Listening to conversations, you hear not swear words, but scientific terminology. There are also many obvious informalities here.

But perhaps the most interesting (not counting the atmosphere and culture of the City of the Sages) attraction of Akademgorodok is located 4 kilometers from the city, behind the Institute of Hydrodynamics - the Ethnographic Open Air Museum. It was assumed that archaeological and ethnographic monuments of each historical region of Siberia would be presented here.

Belonging to the Research Institute of Ethnography, the museum has been “in the process of creation” for about 30 years, so visiting it is only possible with a guided tour. I was unlucky - I ended up at a locked gate. However, even through the gate we managed to see the main treasure of this museum: the Church of the Savior-Zashiverskaya.

Firstly, this is the second oldest wooden church in Siberia, built in 1700 (older only is the Kazan Church in the Taltsy Museum near Irkutsk - but this is not a full-fledged temple, but the gate chapel of a fort, cut down in 1675). But even more amazing is the history of this church.
...In 1635, in the lower reaches of the Dog River (as Indigirka was then called), the Zashiversky fort was founded, which became the main Russian settlement in the Far Northeast. About a hundred years later, the fort completely died out from an epidemic of black smallpox. According to legend, local residents found a treasure under the ice of Indigirka and took it to the governor. A local shaman warned that the treasure was cursed and should be drowned in an ice hole. The voivode answered something like “Yes, I’d rather drown you there!”, and distributed the treasure to the inhabitants of the prison. The curse came true, most of the Zashivers died, the minority left the cursed place. The aborigines stole the huts and walls of the fort for firewood, but the church survived, but was forgotten for 200 years. Before the Revolution, only priests from a neighboring parish 300 miles from Zashiversk remembered its existence, who visited the church 1-2 times a year and performed services there for foreigners. Only in the 1970s, with the advent of helicopters, did people learn about the church again. And it was decided to move this unique monument of wooden architecture of Siberia closer to the Research Institute of Ethnography.
The church in the photo is original, although with the replacement of some logs that had rotted over 200 years of oblivion. Even in the Druzhba Museum near Yakutsk, with its rich open-air exhibition, there is only a copy of THIS church.
I personally still find it hard to believe that I saw her.

Other exhibits also photographed through the fence: megaliths from Mountain Siberia

Fortified towers of the Yuilsky (Kazymsky) fort from the lower reaches of the Ob:

If you want to be more lucky and be able to explore the museum in more detail and touch the 300-year-old logs of the Zashiverskaya Church with your own hands, keep in mind:

By the way, in Akademgorodok, in the museum of the Research Institute of Ethnography, the legendary Altai princess is also kept - a perfectly preserved mummy of a young woman from the mid-1st millennium BC, found in 1993 on the Ukok plateau.
And not far from here there is the Novosibirsk Hydroelectric Power Station and the Ob Sea - a large reservoir. Khan Kuchum suffered his last defeat in these parts, and the Tatar-chat living in the Novosibirsk region preserved the tradition of making dugout boats... But this, as they say, is a completely different story.

This is where I will finish my story about Novosibirsk.

Novosibirsk Akademgorodok is located twenty kilometers south of the center of Novosibirsk, on the right bank of the Ob Sea. Akademgorodok is one of the most important scientific and educational centers in Russia. On the territory of Akademgorodok there are dozens of research institutes, the Presidium of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk State University, and the School of Physics and Mathematics.

Academy Town was founded in 1957 on the initiative of Academician Lavrentyev.
Construction began in 1958, and the buildings of the first institutes and residential buildings were put into operation in 1959.

In subsequent years, over 20 more institutes, residential areas and Novosibirsk State University were built.
The population of Novosibirsk Akademgorodok is about 75 thousand people.

The academic town was built with the maximum possible preservation of the forest area

Academician Lavrentiev Avenue
Lavrentyev Mikhail Alekseevich (1900-1980) - mathematician and mechanic, founder of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (SB USSR Academy of Sciences) and the Novosibirsk Academic Town, academician (from 1946) and vice-president (1957-1975) of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

The intersection of Zhemchuzhnaya and Morsky Avenue

Academician Koptyug Avenue

Koptyug Valentin Afanasyevich (1931 - 1997) - Russian chemist, Vice-President of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Zolotodolinskaya Street

Tereshkova Street

Morskoy Avenue

Ilyich Street

Akademgorodok shopping complex (1964)

In common parlance "shopping center"

An individual project was developed by the Moscow Institute of Experimental Design of the USSR Academy of Construction and Architecture.

Ilyich Street is a kind of center of the Novosibirsk Academic Town

Collectively this is called the Upper Zone of Akademgorodok

Residential complex on Koptyuga Avenue

Main building of NSU (Novosibirsk State University)

NSU became one of two Russian universities included in the TOP-200 best universities on the planet.
On the right you can see the construction of a new academic building.

NSU Dormitory

Administration of the Sovetsky district

INP. Institute of Nuclear Physics

Technopark of Novosibirsk Akademgorodok
The main officially stated goal of the project is the introduction of scientific developments of the SB RAS institutes into industry.

The structure of the technology park complex resembles a pyramid, thereby symbolizing fundamental knowledge
A separate detail is a two-level cantilever gallery hanging above the passage of the street at a height of 50 meters.

The first stage of the technology park

Prospekt Stroiteley

Boulevard of Youth

Microdistrict "Shch".
The history of the origin of the name is as follows - the builders of Akademgorodok, who lived on the site of the future microdistrict, settled in panel wooden one-story houses with two to four apartments. On the diagrams, for simplicity, this place was designated by the letter “Ш” - it gave the name to the microdistrict.

Berdskoye Highway
The overpass is the main entrance to Akademgorodok.

Museum of railway technology at Seyatel station

The museum belongs to the West Siberian Railway, was founded in August 2000, the total length of the exhibition areas is about three kilometers.

The museum contains a large collection of steam locomotives, diesel locomotives, electric locomotives and carriages, mainly working on the railways of Western Siberia.

The "Ob Sea" (Novosibirsk Reservoir) is visible in the background.

For any questions regarding the use of photographs, please email.

Novosibirsk Akademgorodok- a scientific center located on the southern outskirts of the city, on the right bank. Akademgorodok belongs to the Sovetsky district of Novosibirsk.

What is Akademgorodok

The Academic Town of Novosibirsk is a world-famous scientific center. It houses the Presidium, dozens of research institutes, Novosibirsk State University, and the School of Physics and Mathematics.

Academy Town includes, first of all, a microdistrict called the “Upper Zone”. It also often includes the microdistricts "Shch" and "D", and sometimes also Nizhnyaya Eltsovka and Shlyuz. The population of Akademgorodok, therefore, can be estimated at either 22 thousand people (the population of the Upper Zone) or 75 thousand people (the population of all five microdistricts).

The scientific center was built right in a pine forest, and the authors of the project sought to preserve as many trees as possible, and after the construction of the buildings, they planted new plants. Therefore, Academy Town is still remarkable to this day for its bizarre juxtaposition of wild nature with human habitation.

Story

Academy Town was founded in 1957 on the initiative of academicians Mikhail Lavrentyev, Sergei Sobolev and Sergei Khristianovich. Construction of the buildings began in 1958, and the first of them were put into operation in 1959.

At the beginning of 1958, the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a resolution on the creation of a university in Novosibirsk, and in September 1959 this university began to operate. Academician Ilya Vekua became the first rector of NSU.

In Soviet times, Akademgorodok, which quickly gained worldwide fame, was considered a prestigious place to live and had a reputation as a kind of “free-thinking” area. So, it was here in 1968 that the first and last All-Union Festival of Bards took place, where Alexander Galich performed his anti-Soviet songs. After this concert, Galich was expelled from the country.

After the collapse of the USSR, Akademgorodok found itself in a deep crisis: scientists left en masse abroad or went into other fields of activity. However, by the end of the 90s, positive trends emerged: the laboratories of the institutes began to work again, representative offices of large foreign companies such as Intel and Schlumberger opened, and their own enterprises appeared. In 2006, a decision was made to build.

Scientific and educational institutions of Akademgorodok

• Institute of Thermophysics named after. S. S. Kutateladze
• Institute of Inorganic Chemistry named after. A. V. Nikolaeva
• Institute of Catalysis named after. G. K. Boreskova
• Institute of Organic Chemistry named after. N. N. Vorozhtsova
• them. G. I. Budkera
• Institute of Informatics Systems named after. A. P. Ershova
• Institute of Computing Technologies
• Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics
• Institute of Cytology and Genetics
• Institute of Mathematics named after S. L. Soboleva
• them. A. A. Trofimuk
• Institute of Automation and Electrometry
• Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS
• Institute of Semiconductor Physics named after. A. V. Rzhanova
• Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics named after. S. A. Khristianovich
• Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion
• Institute of Hydrodynamics named after. M. A. Lavrentieva
• Institute of Archeology and Ethnography
• Institute of Economics and Organization of Industrial Production
• Institute of Philosophy and Law
• Institute of History
• Institute of Laser Physics
• Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry
• Central Siberian Botanical Garden
• Novosibirsk State University
• Higher College of Informatics NSU
• School of Physics and Mathematics of NSU

Branch of Akademgorodok from Novosibirsk

The idea of ​​autonomy for Akademgorodok was expressed in 2012 by deputies of the Novosibirsk City Council and Nikolai Lyakhov. They stated that local authorities are investing much less in the Akademgorodok of Novosibirsk than it gives to the region. According to Alexander Lyulko, Akademgorodok annually invests 6 billion rubles in taxes into the city budget, but only 1.2 billion rubles are returned. In this regard, deputies proposed giving the scientific center administrative and tax autonomy. Regional and city authorities were categorically against such an initiative. The mayor of Novosibirsk stated that such a step was inappropriate, and the regional government responded with a large-scale “Sovetsky District Development Program” designed until 2016.

However, in March 2013, the bill “On the status of academic campuses in the Russian Federation” was submitted to the State Duma for consideration. According to the bill, Academic Town can be considered “a populated area or part thereof, in which at least 50% of the production comes from the scientific and scientific-technical sphere, and the share of residents employed in it is at least 15%.”

According to the bill, taxes collected on the territory of academic campuses will be directed to their own budgets. In addition, tax benefits are provided for residents of scientific centers, and for goods imported into their territory - exemption from customs duties. Organizations registered on academic campuses receive the right to attract foreign specialists outside the established quotas.

Will there be no branch?

Talks about uniting all three Academies - RAS, RAMS and RAAS - into one, this week turned into... According to it, scientists will engage in science, and a special federal agency will be created to manage the considerable property of the three academies.

Scientists from the SB RAS have already criticized this bill. On Wednesday, July 3, an extraordinary general meeting of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy will be held. On it, scientists plan to finally place emphasis and express their attitude to what is happening.